Free College Essays - Stylistic Devices in The Stranger by Albert Camus :: The Stranger The Outsider

Use of Stylistic Devices in The Stranger In his novel The Stranger, Albert Camus uses the stylistic devices of imagery and diction to develop the intensity of the physical action and to deck the lack of emotion in the last paragraph of Part I.Imagery of all kinds is abundant in this passage as Meursault, the main character, pays great attending to and describes in detail the beach environment that surrounds him. Visual imagery is present as he conveys the intense heat by telling how it seemed as though the sky had cracked open and was raining flame, and by personifying the ocean, recounting how it breathed blistering hot air onto the beach. Auditory imagery is employed when Meursault speaks of the cymbals of the sun concussion and describes the four shots fired as four quick knocks on the door of unhappiness. Imagery of a tactile nature is used in Meursaults delineation the effects of the motiveless reflecting off of the Arabs knife on him, its searing his eyelashes and gougin g his eyeballs. All of this imagery works together to create the feeling of intense pressure in the actions being carried out by both Meursault and the Arab on the beach. All of it describes what is happening in the physical world, yet none of it deals with how Meursault feels in that situation (whether apprehensive, frightened, or angry) or what he is thinking. Since the imagery of the passage deals only with action and not the emotion, Camus creates the impression that there is no emotion.The diction used by Camus in the paragraph advertise develops the intensity of the action and the lack of emotion. Words such as pulsing, scorch, bursting, clashing, searing, and gouging are used in context with the heat on the beach, the veins in Meursaults forehead, the sun, and the light reflecting off the Arabs knife. All of these words carry a violent and rather drastic connotation which augments the tension in the activity of the passage.

Mark Twains Pessimistic Views Exposed in The Adventures of Huckleberry

check off Twains Pessimistic Views Exposed in huckabackleberry Finn In Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain simply wrote about a boy and the river. In doings so Twain presents the reader with his personal view of mankind, whether he wants to or non Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished persons attempting to find a plot will be shot. (2) Possibly by giving us this warning Twain admits to the existence of a clear motive, morality, and a strong plot in his masterpiece. Nonetheless, Huckleberry Finn, through examples of hypocrisy, greed, violence, and racism, shows Twains pessimistic view of society and corruption of the human race as a whole. To understand the pessimism of the book, we must first understand Huck. Huck is a character though whose eyes we experience the ugly truth about mankind. Huck is always on the run from people. In the beginning we see him living a prim and pr oper life with the widow. He is then abducted by his father, and for a time is relieved to get out of the moral trappings of the town, and live sloppily, doing whatever he wanted to do. It was kind of lazy and jolly, laying off comfortable all day. (24) After some time, and being unable to belong the abuse of his father, he runs away. Huck is as dissatisfied by one extreme as he is by the next. Huck chooses not to take sides on any matter, but instead be indifferent towards it. Huck avoids moral decision making throughout the book as much as possible. In the end of the book Twain saves Huck... ...and subsequently the evil and corruption synonymous with it, must follow. Works Cited Carey-Webb, Allen. The Pessimistic Huckleberry Finn. English Journal 82 (November 1993) 22-34. Clemens, Samuel. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Heath Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Paul Lauter, et al. 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Lexington Heath, 1994. 236-419. Hoffman, Daniel. Black Magic--and W hite--in Huckleberry Finn. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn An Authoritative Text Backgrounds and Sources Criticism. Ed. Sculley Bradley, et al. 2nd ed. New York Norton, 1977. 423-436. Kaplan, Justin. Born to Trouble One Hundred Years of Huckleberry Finn. Mark Twain Adventures of Huckleberry Finn A Case Study in Critical Controversy. Eds. Gerald Graff and James Phelan. Boston St. Martins, 1995. 348-359.

Social Networking Dos and Donts Essay -- Facebook, Social Network

Social Networking sites and application are an increasingly entwined billet of our everyday lives. We lend oneself them to communicate with friends and family all over the globe, to chat with friends down the hall to decide where to eat, to network for jobs, and to connect with others with similar interests. However, much like any other part of the internet, social networks can be frought with serious security risks, both for your person, and your data. Many social networks will tell you that the more you put into them (your information), the more you get come in of them (connections, recommendations, etc.). However, despite the aura of privacy they try to engender, one must keep in mind that social network takes place in essentially in the public eye(predicate) space, with only the barest of mechanisms providing any semblance of privacy. Even seemingly innocuous data shared with the world can be dangerous in the wrong hands. The surpass attitude to take in order to enjoy the b enefits of social networking, while minimizing the inherent risks, is to remain SKEPTICAL and CAUTIOUS. SKEPTICAL of any requests for...

Establishing Excellence Essay -- American History, Colonists

The year 1620 marked the beginning of a new nation. Regardless of where they lived, the too soon colonists seemed to have one thing in putting surface a tough, rugged individuality characterized by an independent nature and a desire for self-government Emigrants from England fasten forth across the Atlantic Ocean, on the Mayflower, embarked on their quest for better life. The Pilgrims founded the Plymouth dependency in Plymouth, Massachusetts in December of that year. Fear and danger disguise their hopes and dreams while conquering obstacles such as starvation, disease, and harsh winters. Despite the fatalities at sea, the unlooked-for dangers of the new land killed nearly half of the original crew. The 53 who remained witnessed the number 1 ever Thanksgiving the following autumn in 1621. William Bradford succeeded John Carver in 1622 as governor of Plymouth Colony. Finding themselves in an intolerable circumstance, some members scattered from the Church of England and soug ht reform. The groups, known as the Pilgrims and Puritans soon found their way into the new World. The ostensible Puritans wished to purify their faith by applying the principles set by the Protestant Reformation (Settling for determinism, 2011, para. 1). They chose to remain within the Church of England and work for reform, and supported the belief of mount an example of biblical office in and out of church. Their leaders, highly apt scholars knowledgeable of the Scriptures, sought to bring the Church of England to a state of purity that matched Christianity in the same way Christ had (Settling for determinism, 2011, para. 3). The Puritans strongly emphasized the communal righteousness of their entire congregation before God. Although the Puritans came to America for relig... ...dom he longs for. Irvings piece incorporates many elements of the new American romanticism an emphasis on imaginations and emotions, an exultation of the common man, and an appreciation for external na ture. The Declaration of Independence focuses on the oppressions of the tyrannical king. Through the quaint and fictionist tale, Irving parallels the real struggles of the American Revolution. This found freedom accentuates the maturing and development of America whereas origin stays the same good-natured, whimsical fellow. Oliver Wendell Holmes figurative poem entitled Old Ironsides, pen in 1830, strikes a chord with the patriotic masses of a unexampled America. Within this poem, Holmes patriotically protests the decision of the Secretary of Navy to destroy the fighting embark the USS Constitution, popularly known as Old Ironsides. Establishing Excellence Essay -- American History, ColonistsThe year 1620 marked the beginning of a new nation. Regardless of where they lived, the early colonists seemed to have one thing in common a tough, rugged individualism characterized by an independent nature and a desire for self-government Emigrants from England set for th across the Atlantic Ocean, on the Mayflower, embarked on their quest for better life. The Pilgrims founded the Plymouth colony in Plymouth, Massachusetts in December of that year. Fear and danger masked their hopes and dreams while conquering obstacles such as starvation, disease, and harsh winters. Despite the fatalities at sea, the unexpected dangers of the new land killed nearly half of the original crew. The 53 who remained witnessed the first ever Thanksgiving the following autumn in 1621. William Bradford succeeded John Carver in 1622 as governor of Plymouth Colony. Finding themselves in an intolerable circumstance, some members separated from the Church of England and sought reform. The groups, known as the Pilgrims and Puritans soon found their way into the New World. The ostensible Puritans wished to purify their faith by applying the principles set by the Protestant Reformation (Settling for determinism, 2011, para. 1). They chose to remain within the Church of England and work for reform, and supported the belief of setting an example of biblical righteousness in and out of church. Their leaders, highly trained scholars knowledgeable of the Scriptures, sought to bring the Church of England to a state of purity that matched Christianity in the same way Christ had (Settling for determinism, 2011, para. 3). The Puritans strongly emphasized the communal righteousness of their entire congregation before God. Although the Puritans came to America for relig... ...dom he longs for. Irvings piece incorporates many elements of the new American romanticism an emphasis on imaginations and emotions, an exultation of the common man, and an appreciation for external nature. The Declaration of Independence focuses on the oppressions of the tyrannical king. Through the whimsical and fictionist tale, Irving parallels the real struggles of the American Revolution. This found freedom accentuates the maturing and development of America whereas Rip stays the same go od-natured, whimsical fellow. Oliver Wendell Holmes figurative poem entitled Old Ironsides, written in 1830, strikes a chord with the patriotic masses of a young America. Within this poem, Holmes patriotically protests the decision of the Secretary of Navy to destroy the fighting ship the USS Constitution, popularly known as Old Ironsides.

Internal Conflicts Caused by Conformity :: essays research papers

Internal Conflicts Caused by Conformity     Conformity can often seem like the best highroad to take in a situation. Going along with everyone else will cause less conflict for the group as a whole. Unfortunately conforming only when to protect other peoples feelings can lead to powerful internal conflicts if a person does not fully arrest with the situation. Ruth from A Raisin in the Sun, Langston from "Salvation," and mom from "Everyday Use," all felt internal conflicts resulting from conformity.     Ruth Younger is a caring mother who feels internal conflicts when she feels strongly about something her husband does not agree with. Ruth lives in a small apartment with her extended family. She tries to be a good wife, supportive of her husbands decisions but she also longs for a wear liveness for her family. Gladys Washington, literary reviewer, points out that Ruth, "seems to hold fairly traditional ideas about mot herhood, but she finds herself, without the counsel of her husband, considering abortion as an alternative to bringing another child into the serviceman" (Washington screen 3). She would sacrifice the life growing inside her to ensure her current family had a place to sleep. When her mother-in-law presents them with the opportunity to move from their small run down apartment to a home of their own Ruth is overjoyed, but sees that Walter is furious with his mother for spending so much money on a home in a white neighborhood. Ruth wants so badly to be excited that she urges her husband to see the good that would come from moving. She says, "Please, honey -- let me be glad... you be glad too"(Hansberry 998). She tells him they should, "say goodbye to these Goddamned cracking walls--and these marching roaches--and this cramped little closet which aint now or never was no kitchen"(Hansberry 999). after(prenominal) being offered money by their white neighbors not to move in, Walter decides to take the money and keep his family in their cramped apartment. Ruth is being torn to pieces at the thought of losing the home she dreamed of but she has done enough pleading. She had already rebelled and let her husband know how she felt about the new home. Finally properly before Walter signs the papers to accept the white communitys money, his wife and mothers pleas get through to him. He turns down the white mans money and Ruth finally gets a better life for her family.

Internal Conflicts Caused by Conformity :: essays research papers

Internal Conflicts Caused by Conformity     Conformity can often seem like the best path to take in a situation. Going along with everyone else will cause less conflict for the group as a whole. Unfortunately conforming simply to protect other peoples feelings can lead to powerful internal conflicts if a person does not fully agree with the situation. Ruth from A Raisin in the Sun, Langston from "Salvation," and Mama from "Everyday Use," each(prenominal) felt internal conflicts resulting from conformity.     Ruth Younger is a caring mother who feels internal conflicts when she feels strongly ab come in something her husband does not agree with. Ruth lives in a small apartment with her extended family. She tries to be a good wife, supportive of her husbands decisions but she also longs for a better life for her family. Gladys Washington, literary reviewer, points out that Ruth, "seems to hold fairly traditional ideas about motherhood, but she finds herself, without the counsel of her husband, considering abortion as an alternative to bringing another child into the world" (Washington screen 3). She would collapse the life growing inside her to ensure her current family had a place to sleep. When her mother-in-law presents them with the opportunity to move from their small run down apartment to a space of their own Ruth is overjoyed, but sees that Walter is furious with his mother for spending so much coin on a floor in a innocence neighborhood. Ruth wants so badly to be excited that she urges her husband to see the good that would come from moving. She says, "Please, honey -- let me be glad... you be glad to a fault"(Hansberry 998). She tells him they should, "say goodbye to these Goddamned cracking walls--and these marching roaches--and this cramped little closet which aint now or never was no kitchen"(Hansberry 999). After being offered money by their white neighbors not t o move in, Walter decides to take the money and keep his family in their cramped apartment. Ruth is being torn to pieces at the thought of losing the home she dreamed of but she has done enough pleading. She had already rebelled and let her husband know how she felt about the new home. Finally right before Walter signs the text file to accept the white communitys money, his wife and mothers pleas get through to him. He turns down the white mans money and Ruth finally gets a better life for her family.

The Philippine Local Fiscal Administration in a Decentralized Setup

Decentralization in the Philippines took three pees- devolution, deconcentration and delegation. As Carino affirms, the framers of the 1987 Constitution institutionalized decentralisation with the end-view of realizing democracy and development especially at the grassroots level. degeneracy paved way for the transfer of political power from the central establishment to the local government wholes.This transfer of power and functions was accompanied by the render of a higher Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA), broader tax base and a just sh ar in the national wealth to finance devolved responsibilities and provision of mingled goods and services. This was accompanied by deconcentration which is the transfer of administrative powers and functions from central offices of government agencies to the field offices at the regional, provincial, and municipal/city level.In consonance with the concept that local government units are more responsive to the needs of their communities, deconc entration was institutionalized vis-a- vis devolution as a means for national government agencies (NGAs) to permit assistance to LGUs by setting standards in the implementation of various programs and monitor the operation and services of the LGUs along the disparate socio-economic and political dimensions.Contrary to the past practices wherein the central government through the national government agencies (NGAs) exercises a degree of control in the implementation of programs at the LGU level, deconcentration aims to lessen, if not remove, the control from the national government and replace it with supervisory functions. Ideally, through deconcentration, NGAs set standards and supervise LGUs provision of various services to the community (i. e. DOH and LGU health services).Decentralization in the Philippines excessively took the form of delegation, or what other author calls as debureaucratization. This was the result of the surmounting bellow for participatory governance and active citizenship during the ouster of the late President Ferdinand Marcos through the Peoples Power Revolution and even prior to and after the verbalize historic event. The author of the Consitution saw it fit, as a response to the call of the times, to put greater emphasis on the involvement of non- government organizations, peoples organizations, and the private sector in governance.In this way, democracy and development was believed to be realized when the voices of the marginalized, poor and other people aggrupations are heard and considered in decision-making at the antithetical government level. In contrast to the experience of other countries, decentralization in the Philippines took a complete form. This may be attributed to the political atmosphere in the 1980s- 1900s conducive to decentralization and democratic form of government. Colombia deconcentrated its state services but placed a limit in the delegation and devolution of powers.Same can be said with the experienc es of Mexico and Togo. The Philippines also has a legal framework conducive to democratic decentralization. Decentralization throbs in the Article X of the 1987 Constitution where the Congress is mandated to enact a Local Government Code which shall provide for a more responsive and accountable local government structure instituted through a system of decentralization. Countries like Spain and China lack this legal framework despite substantial decentralization.This means that decentralization in the Philippines possesses a degree of permanency that would ensure the pertinacity in LGUs exercise of devolved powers and functions. In the words of Katorobo, decentralization in the Philippines has a more stable environment (Katorobo, 2004). The system of decentralization in the orbit is also more responsive to the needs of the local community. Unlike the experiences of India, China and Russia where powers and functions were only devolved at the state and regional levels, decentralizati on in the Philippines reaches down to the basic unit of government, the barangays.Due to our countrys bent towards democracy, the Philippines has a higher form of decentralization as compared to other countries (Ibid. ). The central government has transferred more powers and functions to the local governments and has provided more avenues for polished society engagement in local governance. Role of Local fiscal Administration in a Decentralized Setup The transfer of powers and functions to local government units (LGUs) necessitates the transfer and redistribution of financial resources. LGUs need sources and means to finance devolved services.Thus, the Local Government Code of 1991 provided LGUs with an increase in the IRA packet, broader tax base, and a just share in the national wealth. The redistribution of financial resources is essential for LGUs to realize local development as more responsive services are provided to the community. Local pecuniary institution plays an impo rtant role in the attainment of local development as well as in the attainment of national goals. LGUs have to maximize powers and functions specially their taxing powers and other functions in line with revenue generation and resource allocation to hasten development at the local level.A good local fiscal administration is needed to realize inclusive growth and poverty reduction as outlined in the Philippine Development Plan 2011- 2016. Improvements in the different aspects of local fiscal administration- systems, structures, processes, officials and personnel, and policy environment- is a means for the local government to obtain higher income levels to finance local government operations and services mean to uplift living conditions in the communities.As stated in the Handbook of Local Fiscal Administration in the Philippines by Celestino, et. al. , these improvements may come in the form of new technology, good staffing patterns, adequate skills of personnel, heightened awarene ss of LGUs of available credit facilities, enhanced capacity of LGU for development planning, and the presence of political will among others.These support to increased LGU revenues and amend delivery of services to the community. Ultimately, poor living conditions and issues on human development (i. e.health diseases, malnutrition, illiteracy, unemployment, underemployment, environmental degradation, etc. ) are addressed when LGUs are able to provide more than adequate services. Improvements along these areas have an intrinsic value to the society. A healthier and educated population is a way of eradicating poverty. Same is true with the provision and generation of jobs at the local level. Same can be said with efforts to protect and preserve ecological balance in any given community. These contribute to the achievement of inclusive growth and eradication of poverty.Local Fiscal Administration 20 Years after the Codes Enactment A closer ask at the 20- year Philippine experience of decentralization,however, shows that the country has succeeded only to a certain extent in its decentralization efforts. Llanto, in his discussion paper, The Assignment of Functions and Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in the Philippines Twenty Years after Decentralization, has observed that expenditure responsibilities with benefits confined within the territorial jurisdiction of local governments were correctly assign to LGUs.By these, he means that the Code correctly devolved functions and responsibilities on social demands and concerns that LGUs are in the best positions to respond to. He also mentioned that the Code ensured a absolved tax- expenditure assignment. Nonetheless, despite success stories on decentralization particularly on local fiscal autonomy, Llanto observed pressing issues that need to be addressed if the country has to succeed in its decentralization efforts. These issues are 1. The conduct of regular local public expenditure review 2. The use of poverty index, human development index, or resource indicator instead of the equal sharing criteria. 3. The improvement of local tax administration. 4. The review and updating of local tax codes. 5. The institutionalization of a monitoring and reinforce system to recognize good local government performance in fiscal administration. 6. The avoidance of the imposition of unfunded mandates by the identification of source of championship apart from the coffers of the local government units 7. The alliance building/ resource pooling among LGUs for activities and services with inter-jurisdictional spillovers.There is still a lot of work to be done in our prosecution of successful decentralization and the attainment of local development. Legislators and other policy makers have to pause and seriously consider the issues which surfaced in our first 20 years of decentralization. I believe that if we are to make any progress, incremental steps have to be taken towards countering these issues and challenges. And there is no importune time than the present to set off providing interventions to the multiple concerns that confront the Philippine decentralization system.

I.T. Tools for Remote Communication

CAPE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNIT TWO MODULE TWO I. T. TOOLS FOR external COMMUNICATION USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TOOLS TO ACCESS AND COMMUNICATE WITH REMOTE INFORMATION SOURCES Information techno logy the wights and techniques apply to process and communicate information outdoor(a) information source information held in or on a computer or other medium which is not located in the equivalent physical location as the person wanting retrieve to this information.In order to access remote information sources one will need a tool or a set of tools which argon both hardware and package. The following is a list of such tools nigh hardware, some computer software, some both dialogue software programs used to provide remote access to systems, and exchange files and messages in text, audio and/or video formats between different computers or users. Communication software runs on computers, tablets, mobile phones and other specialized turns.Some examples of remote communicati on software are terminal emulators, file move out programs instant messaging programs, real measure chat programs (IRC), teleconferencing and video conferencing software, and email programs. Browsers short for web browser a software application used to locate, retrieve and also display message on the World Wide Web. The content handled by web browsers includes text, images and video. A web browser is made up of HTML code and operates under the HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) Email systems software for creating, come outing, receiving and organizing electronic mail.Modern desktop email clients bid Microsoft Outlook, Windows Live Mail and Mozilla Thunderbird offer modern features for managing email, including WYSIWYG editors for composing email messages, anti-spam and anti-phishing security protection, advanced search capabilities, and rules and filters for more efficiently handling and organizing messages and email folders. A large number of online email work, pressed w ebmail, exist with features and break downality for managing e-mail similar to their desktop email software counterparts.Some of the more popular online email profits are Yahoo Mail, Gmail, Hotmail and AOL Mail. Email systems also need an email server which is a computer configured to be the email post office with the task of managing the email service. It receives stores and dispatches email messages to and from email addresses. Facsimile systems A facsimile machine is a device that can send or receive pictures and text over a telephone line. Fax machines work by digitizing an image i. e. dividing it into a grid of dots. Each dot is any on or off, depending on whether it is black or white.Electronically, each dot is represented by a bit that has a value of either 0 (off) or 1 (on). In this way, the fax machine translates a picture into a series of zeros and ones (called a bit map) that can be transmitted like normal computer data. On the receiving side, a fax machine reads the incoming data, translates the zeros and ones back into dots, and reprints the picture. A fax machine consists of an optical scanner for digitizing images on paper, a printer for printing incoming fax messages, and a telephone for making the connection.Telephone colloquially referred to as a phone, the telephone is a point-to-point telecommunications device that transmits and receives sounds, usually the gay voice. Its most basic function is to allow two populate separated by large distances to talk to each other. A business telephone system is a system where multiple telephones are used by businesses in an interconnected fashion that allows for features such as call handling and transferring, conference calling, call metering and accounting, private and shared voice message boxes, etc.A business telephone system can range from just a few phones in a underage business up to a complex private branch exchange (PBX) system utilized by large businesses. Business phone systems can fun ction over the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and/or over the Internet (Internet telephony or VoIP). Business telephone systems can also be delivered as a hosted service (typically referred to as a centrex), which can free companies from having to invest in costly equipment.Mobile telephones many individuals no longer grow a landline and have turned to mobile computing for all their telephone needs. Young people especially do more than half there communicating victimisation a cellular phone which allows them to not only have voice calls but to send text messages Pager A pager is a diminutive telecommunications device that receives (and, in some cases, transmits) alert signals and/or short messages. This type of device is convenient for people expecting telephone calls, but who are not cheeseparing a telephone set to make or return calls immediately.A typical unidirectional pager fits easily in a shirt pocket some are as small as a wristwatch. A miniature, short-ran ge wireless receiver captures a message, usually accompanied by a beep. The simplest one-way pagers display the return-call telephone number of the person who sent the message. Alternatively, a code can be displayed that indicates which of several designated parties is requesting a return phone call. Sophisticated one-way pagers can display short text messages. Until recently, pagers were designed as receive-only devices.However, despite the engineering challenge, a two-way pager, also called a two-way messaging device or two-way interactive system, has been developed. A typical unit is about the size of a pocket calculator and has a built-in, miniature keyboard and a crystalline crystal display (LCD) screen that can display several lines of text and/or simple graphics. Mobile phones have replaced pagers for most users. However, because they are reliable in some situations where mobile phones are not, pagers are still widely used by essential services personnel, such as those in th e medical and emergency-related professions.New uses for pagers have also arisen. For example, restaurants often use pagers to let customers know when their tables are ready. Computer The transmission of data from one computer to another(prenominal), or from one device to another is called data communication. A communications device, therefore, is any machine that assists data transmission. The computer is one such principal machine. For the computer to assist in communications it moldiness be running programs that make it possible to transmit data i. e. communication software.Word processor, spreadsheet, presentation software, desktop publishing software these productivity tools can be used to create, edit, and print documents. While of all computer applications, word processing is the most common, the product of the others can also be printed. The output from productivity tools can be snail-mailed, emailed, transfered to websites, and communicated using other www technologies I nternet Tools Interactive online services is a business that provides its subscribers with a wide variety of data transmitted over telecommunications lines.Online services provide an infrastructure in which subscribers can communicate with one another, either by exchanging e-mail messages or by participating in online conferences( meeting places). In addition, the service can connect users with an almost un limited number of third-party information providers. Subscribers can get up-to-date stock quotes, news stories hot off the wire, articles from many magazines and journals, in fact, almost any information that has been put in electronic form.Of course, accessing all this data carries a price. Three of the largest online services are America Online, Compuserve and MSN. telnet terminal competition is a program for networks that connects pcs to the server on the network and allows one to enter commands on the pc and have them executed directly on the server as if one was sitting i n front of the server. This enables you to control and communicate with other servers on the network. Telnet is a common way to remotely control Web servers.As this is a service that allows local computers to control remote computers, technical personal in organizations can use it to troubleshoot problems in other branches and hackers use these kinds of programs to connect to and control servers on unsecured networks. ftp Short for file transfer protocol, this is the protocol for exchanging files over the Internet. FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using the Internet or to upload a file to a server (e. g. , uploading a Web page file to a server). The owners of website rarely host them themselves.But maintaining the content of the website is still up to them. They create the new content for their websites on their local machines. They then use an ftp program to connect to and upload and download the files from their website on the remote server to and from their local machine. When they have completed this task we can then see the new pages on their websites. You can access FTP sites by two different methods either directly through your web browser, or using an FTP application (such as Winsock FTP). Both methods exact a logon procedure.Some FTP sites allow anon. login and allow you to enter your email address as a password. Other FTP sites also allow anonymous login but require a special password (such as guest, visitor, or other password. ) Still other sites have restricted login and passwords limited to specific people or groups message boards aka bulletin board system (BBS) An electronic message board is a computer running software that allows users to log in and perform functions such as uploading and downloading software and data, reading news and bulletins, and exchanging messages with other users.Message boards allow threaded conversations in which the comments on a posting are attached to that posting in an indented manner. Message boards for example can be for a class in which students get to communicate with each other and the teacher and discuss assignments and class material. It is often used in this manner in on-line courses. newsgroups This is a special evoke online discussion group or forum where one can post and reply to posted messages on particular topics.It is like a public message board but with the topic of interest pre-selected by the person who set up the newsgroup. Users are required to subscribe to a newsgroup. posting list while any individual or alliance can have a mailing list in their email the formal definition of a mailing list is a list of people who have subscribed to a particular service and have given permission for their contact information to be released to anyone who provides this service.Newsgroups e. g. will have a mailing list to whom they send notices when something changes in the newsgroup. meshwork telephony refers to communication services such as voice, fax, S MS and/or voice messaging services which are transported via the internet instead of the public switched telephone network. VoIP voice over internet protocol is a slightly broader term which covers voice communication over any IP network.

Comparison/Contrast Between American Indians Essay

Over 400 years ago, the Powhatan Indians inhabited a place called Jamestown, Virginia. Their every-day life was disrupted, though, when, in 1607, a ship carrying custody from England came to claim their land, making Jamestown their new capital. This could nominate been seen as a bright opportunity for both parties the Powhatan Indians could have shared their knowledge of the land they occupied, and the English could have shared many(a) of the skills and technology brought over with them. But, of course, the two groups found that they had many differences. They had a dangerous time sharing and trading because of how different they were, such as in their belief systems, materials and resources, and their living environments to name a few.As stated before, the Powhatan Indians and the English had different belief systems. For example, the English, much like many Americans today, were monotheist, believing in only one god. The Natives, on the other hand, believed that there were man y gods. There were not only differences in their religious beliefs, though. For instance, the Powhatan Indians honored their women and treated them with a senior high respect. They believed that women were the giver of life in society, therefore they were greatly valued. The Colonists, on the other hand, believed that women were property. Land ownership was a conflict as well. While the Indians believed that the land was something that was take Earths and could not be owned, the English claimed land as theirs every chance they got.Another difference between the Powhatan Indians and the Settlers was resources and how they were used. The Natives, for example, used hand-made weapons and tools that were made of stone. With the English, though, came their knowledge of metal, meaning that they had more advanced tools and weapons made of this material. There was a difference in the types of foods as well. Back in England, when one referred to corn, it was meant as anything in the wheat f amily. When the English came to the pertly World, though, they were introduced to the Indians version of corn maize. This wasnt the best thing, because when the settlers ate the maize, they became very sick, as they werent used to it.The two parties in some ways had similar living environments. For instance,both the Indians and the English had religious gathering areas. For the English, there was a large church where everyone gathered for prayer. The Indians, on the other hand, had a dance circle where the people gathered. Houses in the two environments were different as well. The Indians built semi-permanent houses called Yehakins. The Yehakins had a hut-like structure to them with fire-pits in the center. The English had more structured houses that were mold just like houses seen today. They were rectangular with straight roofs on top, and a fireplace rather than a fire-pit. Because of differences in their ho use structures, they also had different cooking procedures. The Indian s cooked things using an open fire outside. The Colonists used a technique in their fireplaces called down-hearth cooking.Eventually more and more English came to live the new life in the New World. With them they brought more and more of the English culture, making more conflicts between them and the Powhatan Indians. The Settlers starting claiming a little more of the native land every day, making it hard for the Indians to live in such a small space. Although there was a lot of potential for both parties to grow from each other, differences got in the way, in some cases causing more diminishing of the cultures than growth.

360-Degree Feedback in the Appraisal Process †the Present Need for Banks in India

360-DEGREE FEEDBACK IN THE APPRAISAL PROCESS THE PRESENT NEED FOR BANKS IN INDIA * Dr. J. SRINIVASAN Introduction Tremendous removes fence interpreted place world-wide in the last decade. These changes turn over had a strong impact on service sectors in India. The world is very different today from what it was a decade ago.Todays corporate world can be characterized as highly competitive, technology and systems-driven, customer-centered, quick, cost and quality conscious, to survive, single has to compete with those who go for technological advantages, financial advantage, systems advantages, communication advantages, and above all, those with population advantage. Success of the several(prenominal) in the work place demands collaborative relationships with superior, colleagues and subordinates, and can seldom be adequately assessed solely by the superior.Further, an individuals personal development process requires objective and constructive feedback on ones strength and w eaknesses. The 360- stratum feedback or Multi-rater sound judgment has become a worldwide phenomenon. It was extensively used as the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad in India form mid eighties though the term 360-degree feedback was coined in USA in early nineties. This diaphysis has become a popular change commission tool and leaders competence-building tool. This is evident from the increase in the proceeds of Indian companies adopting it. executing appraisal has come to occupy a pivotal place in human resource function. The traditional merit rating which think on personality traits was replaced by exertion appraisal with focus on work results. In order to make appraisal more than __________ * Assistant prof of Commerce, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar 604 407. E-mail emailprotected co. in objective, transp arent and participative, concepts such as self-appraisal, pear appraisal, subordinate appraisal and appraisal by customers both internal and external were introduced. Meaning 60-degree feedback is a process by which an individual gets his/her aggregated feedback from different categories of individuals- seniors (boss, reporting officer, reviewing officer), subordinates, direct and indirect reporters, peers (colleagues and internal customers), external customers and suppliers, and other role/ knack members with whom he/she is inter acting. The 360-degree feedback process is an classical development to enrich human resources, organizational development and training and development. Traditional performance assessment has principally been limited by the perspective of the immediate reporting and reviewing superiors.In contrast, the 360-degree feedback broadens the canvas dramatically. It provides a wider and more realistic forum for frank evaluation by direct reports, peers and others, resulting in novel motivation and direction for the populate. As a result of this, people can move towards companys goals more quickly an d with greater precision. Though people may express initial apprehension of macrocosm assessed by superiors, subordinates, colleagues and others, in actual practice many prefer to be assessed by a convocation who see their performance from a variety of perspectives, rather than from the limited perspective of their immediate superiors.They find 360-degree feedback as more accurate and fair. The 360-degree feedback process involves collecting perceptions close to a persons behaviour and the impact of that behaviour from the persons superiors, direct reports, colleagues, fellow members of project teams, internal and external customers, and suppliers. Multi-source feedback encourages openness and raises expectation, lede people to believe the organizational values, continuous learning and honesty. The 360-degree feedback process should be integrated with the strategic perspective measures derived from the balance scorecard framework.Most organizations appear to be utilize this pro cess for ? Leadership development (implementing their leadership models or reinforcing the similar) ? Individual growth and development ? Competency building ? Rarely or never for Performance Appraisals, rewards and recognition, collecting data on employees, succession planning and career development. Considerations before starting 360 degree feedback 1. Purpose It is essential that people are clear or so why this process is being used and what it is being used for.The purpose needs to be clearly and consistently communicated to all those involved. 2. Culture Organizations need to consider whether the organisational culture supports this process and allows open feedback. The 360-degree feedback process relies heavily on the inputs of others so participants and raters need to feel comfortable and supported when taking part in this process. 3. measure Identifying when to introduce 360 degree feedback is an important consideration. It is not appropriate to introduce it during perio ds of d receiveturn or when redundancies or re-organizations have been announced.During these periods, mental facultys are more likely to be aroma threatened and concerned ab pop out the organizations intentions and at that placefore resistant to new feedback processes. 4. Roll out Consider having a senior manager acting as a sponsor or champion of 360-degree feedback. This can greatly enhance its success and generate buy-in in to the process. It is also important to involve staff as early as possible in the implementation of 360-degree feedback as it prevents secrecy and the feeling that this has been imposed on them. 5. ConfidentialityIt is important to guarantee confidentiality for participants both subjects and raters. betray sure the model you are using ensures this happens so that the feedback is not attributable to individual raters. The 360 degree process 1. Self-assessment Self-assessment encourages the individual to take responsibility for his or her own development a nd is a useful starting point in the 360-degree feedback process. Consideration needs to be given to the purpose of this information and how it is used as rise up as who has access to this data and how long is it held for. . The raters Identifying the virtually appropriate people to rate the performance of the individual is a key part of the process. Ideally the liquidator will have full involvement in identifying who they think is in the best position to comment on their performance. The raters must be credible to the receiver for them to act on the resulting feedback. 2. 1 Number of raters The assessment has to be based on a large enough sample to ensure that it is valid. If too small, there is a danger that one raters view will have a major impact on the overall results. to 12 respondents are commonly sufficient in terms of reliability. 3 The questionnaire The design of the assessment, reporting and feedback process should suit the purpose of the exercise. It needs to descri be the behaviours, which meet to actual job performance. It should relate to existing measurement systems within your area, such as competencies. It also needs to be in line with Citys culture and values. The questionnaire needs to be applicable to the raters and their day-to-day involvement with the individual.A wellspring-designed questionnaire should offer respondents the opportunity to indicate where they have not had the opportunity to observe behaviour, or where the behaviour is not relevant to the job, so as not to force them to guess. Ideally the questionnaire should take between 15 and 30 minutes to complete. 3. 1 Qualitative and quantitative data The most effective questionnaire design is one that encompasses both quantitative as well as qualitative elements. The quantitative elements provide the structure and the qualitative questions provide the context. Feedback schema It is important to consider what feedback is communicated and how and when this takes place. 4. 1 Feedback report Feedback usually consists of a report. The design of the report should be kept simple and ideally designed to help the individual priorities their relative strengths and development areas. Given that an individual is receiving sensitive information about how their colleagues, direct reports and manager view their performance, sensitivity is essential. Someone must be accessible to help interpret the results with that person. . 2 Trained facilitators As 360-degree feedback is being used as part of the appraisal process, feedback is communicated face to face. The people giving the feedback (appraisers) must have had the relevant training to give them the skills to support this process. 4. 3 When feedback is communicated Ideally the individual receives feedback as soon as possible after that feedback has been collated. It is important to ensure that people receive it when there is support available to interpret the results e. g. s part of a supportive appraisal process . 3. Evaluation 3. 1 Purpose Evaluating the impact of 360-degree feedback is an important part of determining its success. This is especially important if you have piloted this process and are considering rolling it out to other areas and/or are repeating the process. 3. 2 Measures collision can be measured at both the organisational and individual level. This can include pursual up with participants about their views on the process as well as measuring the impact it had on their development plans.On an organisational level, monitoring key performance indicators will determine whether targets have been met more closely following the introduction of 360-degree feedback. Implementation of 360-Degree Feedback Process in strands The implementation is typically done by ? Creating acceptance of the process with the individual to be evaluated. ? Conducting a self-evaluation with the individuals. ? Identifying the appropriate good turn of persons who will participate in the 360-degree f eedback process. ? Conducting the evaluations with the employees, superiors, peers and subordinates. Analyzing the collected information to identify consensus on strength and weakness of the evaluated individuals. ? Meeting with the evaluated individuals to discuss the 360-degree feedback results and to develop a self-development plan to have the best personal deficiencies to meet the challenges. ? Conducting periodic evaluations of the individual. Objectives of 360-degree feedback or Multi-rater Appraisal and Feedback System (MAFs) The assessment is made on a questionnaire specially designed to measure leadership styles, managerial qualities, impact and other behaviors considered critical for performance.Such feedback from multiple sources provides a credible picture and can be used for various purposes like Providing insights into the strengths and developmental areas of the panorama in terms of the effective performance of roles, activities, styles, traits, qualities, competen cies (knowledge, attitudes and skills), impact on others etc. Enhancing role clarity and establishing increased accountabilities. Identification of developmental needs and preparing development plans more objectively in relation to the current or future roles and performance improvements for an individual or a group of individuals. Leadership Development. Generating data for various military group decisions (provided it is decided initially that the feedback is not meant only for the person but also to be shared completely with the organization) Culture building and reinforcing other change management efforts and organization effectiveness directed interventions. This may include TQM efforts, Customer focus or internal customer satisfaction enhancing interventions, Flat structures, Quality enhancing and cost step-down interventions, process changes etc. Aligning individual and group goals with organizational vision, values and goals. Planning internal customer satisfaction im provement measures. This review generally supplements the traditional appraisal system and does not replace it. Benefits of 360-Degree Feedback 360-Degree feedback offers several advantages. Some of these include Benefits to Banks It provides a more objective and acceptable feedback. Very effective for developing leadership and other competencies considered critical for performing various Leadership and Managerial roles effectively. Serves as a team-building tool as it is more involving and participative Promotes a culture of openness Promotes thorough quality with emphasis on internal and external customer orientation Results in better quality of HR decisions for training and rewards Helps in identification of faculty gaps and planning development interventions It is a good supplement to normal appraisals but not a substitute to them. Benefits to the individual Serves as a team-building tool as it is more involving and participative Helps to ascertain if your impact on o thers within the organization is in the desired manner/direction Enhances self-awareness Helps discover strengths, weaknesses and blind spots Provides direction for change and development Focuses attention on actions and behaviours valued by others thereby improving work relations Helps discover areas where you have not yet made a significant impact. Ingredients for the Success of 360-Degree Feedback in Banks 360-degree feedback systems can be very sensitive. A person who is not well prepared for it can be thrown out of balance. If not designed and conducted well, it has the potential danger of developing wrong perceptions or notions.It is therefore necessary and important to manage the process well and make it foolproof. The firstly important step is to determine if the organization is ready for it. The second important step is to determine if the candidate is ready for it. The following are the indicators of a Banks readiness for 360-Degree Feedback. The top management of th e bank is attached to develop the competencies of employees on a continuous basis. HRD systems operating in the bank being taken seriously in implementation. The top management is willing to invest their time and effort in giving feedback to their own subordinates. The top management is adequately committed to competency-building through 360-Degree Feedback. People take feedback supportively and use it for development. The Bank already is or is in the process of becoming a customer-driven organization. The HRD department has a high degree of credibility. The following are indicators to assess the readiness of a candidate for the 360-Degree Feedback ? The candidate has a desire to know himself through the eyes of others. ? The candidate desire to be better. ? The candidate should be a learning-oriented individual. The candidate is receptive and respects the views of others. TVRLS Experience with 360-Degree Feedback TVRLS has covered over 3000 top-level managers so far from vario us organizations involving around 30,000 assessors. Research conducted by them to study the effectiveness of 360-degree feedback in enhancing overall effectiveness of top & senior management shows the following predominant changes They begin to focus more on leadership roles such as * Articulating vision and sharing it more systematically * Spending more time on communicating vision & goals * Being more developmental as against benevolent or critical * Paying more attention to and showing concern for individual needs rather than being preoccupied with ones own ideas and issues. Enhanced Internal customer orientation, which is indicated by * Better interaction with colleagues and subordinates * Learning from colleagues and benefiting from their experiences * Building better rapport with seniors Increased focus on fostering team spirit which gets reflected in terms of * Setting high goals for the team * More participative management * Better confl ict management * Higher mutuality and more receptive to feedback * Increased sensitivity to others feelings * Creating a more collaborative culture * Cross-functional review mechanism getting instituted Marked increase in committal and subordinates development in terms of * Empowering subordinates to take higher responsibilities * Leaving routine decisions to lower levels * Not nterfering in matters being handled by subordinates * Encouraging subordinates to learn from their mistakes and being patient with them Predominant behavioural changes have been reported in terms of * Becoming assertive * Clear communication * Higher initiative * Being more patient * Being more proactive * Better time management In terms of the impact on their unit/department/organization, participants who responded felt that the changes they present post feedback, have generated increased motivation especially among their subordinates.In addition, increased se nsitivity to their managerial and leadership roles has resulted in better working relationships and, a more congenial atmosphere. How to prepare for implementing 360-Degree Feedback in Banks It takes a lot of trust in the bank and a lot of preparations before one can more from using 360-degree feedback strictly for development purposes to using it for taking decision on promotions and rewards. Most current literature on making 360-degree feedback effective as a tool for performance and leadership-style reviews has this to recommend. ? Begin with Development ? Link with Company Goal ? Train Everyone ? Follow Up ? Company Culture. Drawbacks Not every process is perfect and 360-degree feedback programs are no exception.Subordinates may rate bosses high because they are afraid of retaliation. Peers tend to evaluate each others positively well, perhaps to avoid disrupting the group. On the other hand, peers tend to rate their colleagues on the lower side. Nevertheless, the number of peop le and variety of perspectives involved in a 360-degree feedback process should ensure a generally unbiased and accurate view of a persons performance. Conclusion A 360-degree feedback process in banks gathers information, usually through a questionnaire, about the performance of employees or managers from people all around them-including peers, subordinates and even customers.This type of multi-perspective evaluation is more complete and accurate than the traditional top-down evaluation. Superiors only see a portion of a mangers performance. They need other perspectives to fill in the blanks. Subordinates can provide important information on the leadership qualities of a manager. Customers are in a better position, than anyone, to evaluate how employees perform with customers. A 360-degee feedback evaluation is also valuable because people do not act the same toward everyone. The interpersonal skills of a manager are probably more accurately reflected in feedback from subordinates or peers than in feedback from a mangers superiors. Another important aspect of 360-degree feedback is the inclusion of self-evaluations.Ratings by others will probably be more accurate, but self-evaluations force employees and managers to sit down and think about their strength and weakness. Finally, 360-degree feedback evaluations have the advantage of confidentiality. Top-down evaluations are usually not confidential. Supervisors must be prepared to defend their evaluations, which may cause them to soften or in rough way alter what they might have said anonymously. Since 360-degree feedback involves groups of raters, the results are anonymous. *********** References 1. Jim Meade. Visual 360 A Performance Appraisal System Thats Fun, HR Magazine, July 1999, pp. 119-122. 2. Mishra, Shishir and Nandini Chawla. ancestry Training Needs from 360 Degree Feedback, TVRLS, Ahmedabad, 2003. 3. Paras Mal Jain. world imaging Management in Banks, IBA Bulletin, October 2004, Vol XXVI, No. 10 , Mumbai. p. 17-21. 4. Rao T V & Raju Rao. The Power of 360- Degree Feedback, Response Books, A partition of Sage Publications, New Delhi. (2005). 5. Rao T V . HRD Audit, 9th Edition, Response Books, A division of Sage Publications, New Delhi. (2005). 6. Rao T V. Making 360 Degree Feedback Work, Human Capital, August, 1999. 7. Rao T V. Performance Management and Appraisal Systems-HR Tools for Global Competitiveness, Response Books, A division of Sage Publications, New Delhi. (2004). 8. Rao T V. Readings in Human Resource Development, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi. (2005). 9. Sangwan D S. Human Resource Management in Banks, IBA Bulletin, June 2005, Vol XXVII, No. 6. Mumbai. p. 14. 10. Tripathi P C. Human Resource Development, 5th Edition, sultan Chand & Sons, New Delhi. (2006). 11. Udai Pareek and Rao T V. Designing and Managing Human Resource Systems 3rd Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi,1981 (2005). 12. www. appraisal360. co. uk 13. www. ci ty. ac. uk/guidelinesforusing360degreefeedbackintheappraisalprocess. html 14. www. click-360. com 15. www. fullcirclefeedback. com 16. www. tvrls. com

A Vacation to Dubai Essay

It was June 2, 2015 and Mrs. Smith was planning her trip to Dubai. She was so excited because she has never been in that location to that side of the world before. But she besides has to get work because it is also a business trip as well. The next day she gets to the airport and checks out all of her belongings and is waiting for the skim to depart. They call first class and she is the first one in line. She is seated and is anxious because she cant wait to see what amazing things they have. She sees these strange hands walk by her but pay no mind to her staring. She forgets about them and puts her ear buds in and begins fall asleep. A couple hours pass and she wakes up and sees that there arent many people on the plane as she seen before the plane departed.There is only about roughly about seventeen of the on there and she searches around for the strange men but there are nowhere to be found. She gets up to ask the pilots if they know what happened because she dozed and the mom ent she went to open the penetration there was a man there with a gun and demanded her to go back to her seat and Mrs. Smith refused. The plane landed and everyone was forced off and taken to a shack. They were locked in there for a couple of hours but then they noticed that there was a back door to the shack and tried to fleece away. They were so close but the hijackers knew there plan all along. The tried a different way and finally the succeeded and all of the got back to the United States safely.

High School Analogy Essay

A newly bought camera, one that gives the vendee satisfaction, yet a strange tingling feeling of unfamiliarity with a pinch of nervousness and fear. straightway theres a high school freshman feeling the precise same thing looking at a new environment strangely a camera and high school have a comparable relationship, with very obvious difference and . One such similarity, is that when a schoolchild takes their first few strides into the usual two storey building, it resembles him taking his very first picture.Both individuals new and inexperienced, every move is made with caution aquaphobic of what the outcome could be. Perhaps, an embarrassing moment? A broken camera?. Both face criticism inside lowering their inner confidence, he looks at his photographs frequently ranking them poorly, while she looks at some of her peers judgmentally and the same comes back to her. Another comparison, looks at the ever-changeable genus Lens on the camera representing her ever-changing views on the present and future.An extending lens that looks ahead at the long road that is yet to be journeyed through and short, stubble ones they may remind her of the moment she is in. As she gets comfortable and more confident, the assimilator is met by a whirlwind of opportunities. Each chance that walks past, she begins to see a new path, some that are very clear and some that are not in focus since it seems so far away. As days pass, she begins to see those opportunities in a new light, stopping more often to think and bring it into focus. The debaucher also now picks up his camera casually like it belongs in hands just a ring belong on a finger.As an image comes into focus on the screen and her visual mind, the moment is captured in that very time, and stored in their memory. One being natural and the other digital. Finally, when the time comes to buy a new camera or move forward, both him and her view life more positively, raising their head in pride.As the chapter of high sc hool, and his very first camera approaches its close, they take their experiences with them and move on to a firmer ground where the environment is a very familiar one. Their previous chapters soon become forgotten as life leads them elsewhere, but the memories remain, once in awhile reminding them of that one time and they dont fade unless you willingly reach for the

Organic Food vs. Non-Organic Essay

Unfortunately, most extreme food is disappearing, because commonwealth are not taking the time to buy it. pile are buying non-organic because the food is cheaper, easier to gravel, and lavish of nutrition. But why is organic food disappearing when it has more nutrition, better tasting, and ecosystem diversity. What are people very doing? People now at years choose to buy non-organic food because its cheaper, easier to find, and generous of nutrition. When culmination in to a store the first thing you can design is the low prizing of the products.This is one source people choose to buy non-organic products. When going into the organic section of foods and seeing that is twice the prize as non-organic people automatically chooses non-organic food. Milk certified as hormone and antibiotic-free costs 6 dollars per gallon, while food product milk only costs 3. 50 per gallon. When coming into a super market most of the things that you see are non-organic products. This is anoth er reason why people choose non-organic products, because it is easier to find.People now at days are really busy and doesnt have many time to be shopping, and makes non-organic products easy to find and less time wasters. People chooses to buy non-organic products because they are easy to find, but they dont cognise that it could only take two minutes looking for organic products. People chooses to buy non-organic products because they are full of nutrition. This is another reason why people chooses to buy non-organic products. Non-organic products have been industrialize and enhanced with vitamins, which many of organic products are missing.Organic products are naturally grown and are healthy to the body. Because non-organic products have been industrialized the prize of the soil is secondary, while the soil of organic products is pure. This is why food that has been grown organically tastes better than industrialized products. People chooses non-organic products because it gro ws faster and easier. By growing organic food it allows the environment a wider range of insects, plants, and organisms to coexist. People chooses to buy non-organic products because they wont have to be worrying about getting a twist around in their apple.Non-organic products are insect free, this is another reason people chooses non-organic products. What are they really doing? Organic issue and vegetables are contaminated with as much as 40% more antioxidants, which scientists believe can pass up the risk of getting cancer and heart disease. The levels of antioxidants in milk from organic crops are up to 90% higher than in non-organic milk. Non-Organic is most likely to be contaminated with left overs that sometimes occurs in on the hook(predicate) combinations of chemicals added to organic products.They contain more water than organic products, which makes the organic products dry, and sometimes rough. Banning the use of kitschy food additives like hydrogenated fats, phosph oric acid, aspartame and monosodium glutamate, which have been scientifically to health problems like heart disease, osteoporosis, migraines and hyperactivity. Non-Organic, the negative personal effects of pesticides in health includes neurotoxicity, disruption of the endocrine system, carcinogenicity and immune system suppression.

Jeremy Sumpter Soul Surfer

In 2003, teenager Bethany Hamilton (AnnaSophia Robb) lives in Kauai, Hawaii with her p atomic number 18nts Tom (Dennis Quaid) and Cheri (Helen Hunt), and two brothers, Noah (Ross Thomas) and Timmy (Chris Brochu). All are surfers, tho she and her best friend Alana Blanchard (Lorraine Nicholson) have big(p) up with a passion for the sport and enter a competition. Her church youth ministry leader, Sarah Hill (Carrie Underwood), is cross when she has to withdraw from a planned missions trip becaexercising of the contest.Bethany and Alana place first and third, respectively, era the second place winner, Malina trounce (Sonya Balmores), proves to be resentful. Bethany invites both girls up on the winners box with her, but Malina ungraciously refuses. The Rip Curl surfwear association offers to sponsor her and Alana in competition.The night before Hal minusculeeen, Alana and Bethany sneak off with many friends to go surfboard. Later while Tom goes to the hospital for knee surgery, both girls go surfing with Alanas father Holt (Kevin Sorbo) and Brother Byron (Jeremy Sumpter). As Bethany dangles her remaining arm in the water, a tiger shark appears out of nowhere and sinks its teeth into it, biting it off near the shoulder. Holt braces Bethany out of the water and puts a tourniquet on her while Byron c in alls 911. An ambulance meets them on the way to the hospital. skillful before starting Toms knee surgery, Dr. David Rovinsky (Craig T. Nelson) is called to the emergency room to treat Bethany. Besides losing her left over(p) arm, Bethany also alienated 60% of her blood and David calls hersurvival a miracle.Bethanys injury prevents her participating in the Rip Curl impression shoots, but she wishes Alana well. Inside Edition, a television program, offers to provide a prosthetic arm that is cosmetically holy and has bendable joints, in exchange for an interview. Bethany angrily rejects it when she learns it will not supporter her surf as it is not weight bearing, due to the size of the stump of her arm. The onslaught of paparazzi also proves to be a great stretch out on her family and their privacy. The Hamiltons are grateful to Holt for his quick thinking and decisive action that saved her life.Bethany perseveres and, after a recuperation period, gets back in the water and learns to surf with champion arm, eventually re-entering the competition. She tells her rival Malina not to unsay it easy on her, and rejects a five-minute head start offered by the judges. She does not perform well because she cannot put up on the board long enough to go out and catch a competitive riffle and Malina wins. Disheartened, she decides to give up competitive surfing. Bethany sees the effects of the 2004 tsunami on television, which places her own problems in perspective.She decides to surprise Sarah by connector the youth group on another mission trip to help the devastated muckle of Phuket, Thailand. They are distinctly afraid of the water, including a little boy. Bethany decides to go into it with a channel-surf, hoping this will coax him into it. It works, and the realization that she can use her gift to inspire people motivates her to take up surfing again.Tom rigs a handle on her surfboard which she can use to prevent falling off while paddling out to the waves, which is not prohibited by the competitions rules. He also voices the tactual sensation that she possesses a great surfers instinct for sensing when the best waves will form. She enters the study championship, thanks Malina for treating her as a serious competitor, and performs respectably, though she is still chasing third place.Suddenly, with only minutes left on the clock, the waves die down and all the surfers can only loiter, waiting for the waves to start back up. Toms belief in his daughters instinct is proven when she is the only one to sense a big wave forming, and she but paddles out. When it forms, the others cannot get out in time and she ca tches it just as the horn sounds. Ifit is in time, she will win, but the judges rule that the time has expired. Malina is the winner, but she has finally gotten over her differences with her, inviting her up on the platform to lot first place.Subsequently, Bethany lets the reporters interview her. One asks her what she would do if given the chance to undo the loss of her arm. She says that she would still retire it because she can embrace more people now than she ever could with both. The film ends with real video of Bethany surfing after the attack.II. ReactionMy problem with Soul Surfer is that it makes it look too simple. Bethany (AnnaSophia Robb) has a loving family of professional surfers and a big, friendly dog. She lives in walking distance of the beach. She was and is a committed churchgoer and got great support from her ghostly leaders. She was an indomitable optimist with a fierce competitive spirit. barely there had to be more to it than that. I spat her faith and sp irit. I give her full credit for her determination. I realize she is a great athlete. notwithstanding I feel something is missing. There had to be dark nights of the soul. Times of grief and rage. The temptation of nihilism. The lure of despair. endure a 13-year-old girl lose an arm and keep right on smiling? The flaw in the storytelling strategy of Soul Surfer is that it doesnt make Bethany easy to identify with. Shes almost eerie in her optimism. Her religious faith is so unshaken, it feels taken for granted.The film feels more like an inspirational parable than a harrow story of personal tragedy. Even its portrait of her reco rattling and rehabilitation is perfunctory. Theres a particularly unconvincing shot where shes fitted with a prosthetic arm and refuses to wear it. Theyre making remarkable progress in the field of prosthetics. But the arm that shes offered looks no more useful than the arm that she rips off her Barbie doll the same night (in one of the movies rare momen ts of depression). Although I can understand a good prosthetic might not help her balance on a surfboard, I believe one might be of use in other situations and I dont mean cosmetically. Maybe Im mistaken. Soul Surfer is a wholesome movie, intended as inspirational. Whether it will cheer viewers who are not as capable as Bethany is an excellent question. AnnaSophia Robb is a convincing, cheerful heroine.Dennis Quaid and HelenHunt, as Bethanys parents, are stalwart and supportive, although the script indeed leaves them with no other choice. SOUL surfer has very poignant moments that will bring tears to your eyes. It has one of those endings that make the movie work, despite some light weight scenes. AnnaSophia Robb as Bethany gives a wonderful performance. A cast of veterans provides great support. The good word of honor is that real courage comes from deep faith in Jesus Christ, not just willpower. There are powerful church scenes, but they shouldnt alienate secular viewers becaus e they are extremely real. applaudIII. Psychological DisorderThe Psychological disorder in this movie was Major depression disorder is an (also known as clinical depression, major depression, unipolar depression, unipolar disorder or recurrent depression in the geek of repeated episodes) is a mental disorder characterized by episodes of all-encompassing low mood accompanied by low self-esteem and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. The intelligence of the nature and causes of depression has evolved over the centuries, though this understanding is incomplete and has left many aspects of depression as the subject of discussion and research. Major depression significantly affects a persons family and personal relationships, work or civilise life, sleeping and eating habits, and general health.Its impact on functioning and well-being has been compared to that of chronic medical conditions such as diabetes. A person having a major depressive episode usuall y exhibits a very low mood, which pervades all aspects of life, and an inability to experience pleasure in activities that were formerly enjoyed. Depressed people may be preoccupied with, or ruminate over, thoughts and feelings of worthlessness, inappropriate guilt or regret, helplessness, hopelessness, and self-hatred.6 In severe cases, depressed people may have symptoms of psychosis. The diagnosis of major depressive disorder is ground on the patients self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives or friends, and a mental status examination. There is no laboratory test for major depression, although physicians loosely request tests for physical conditions that may cause similar symptomsIV. RecommendationSoul Surfer is a great movie to crack with your family and I would recommend this movie to anyone. This film was very well done and whats better is its all based on a true story and from the looks of the credits where they show real footage they certainly stayed true t o it Robb does a great job as young Bethany who loses her arm to a shark attack, and we follow her struggle to get back in the water and compete as a surfer once again. Its a very emotional film but thanks to some great acting and beautiful scenery it all comes together nicely.

Daylight saving time Essay

Daylight savings time, it happens two times a year, causing a multitude of occurrence, any(prenominal) of these being good, while some are non so good. However, it has been a hot topic for take recently. To keep daylight savings time, or to kick it to the curb is the question many congressmen are petition themselves. Keeping daylight savings time allows the people of the United States to continue with years of tradition apply during war time that has been a part of their daily lives ever since which is irrelevant to todays bars. be first put into action by President Roosevelt during the Second World War to save postcode that the war effort needed, some of the states decided to keep a version of this, except only during the pass (Source A). Thinking this movement would save the American population not only the artificial lighting energy, but also it would save them money.However, flatadays the average savings per household during daylight savings time is intimately four dol lars (video) and the corresponding national savings of forty to fifty megawatt hours per day (Source D). These numbers seem to be miniscule compared to how it could affect their lives. If it only saves an average of four dollars per year, DST is really useless. Considering it was added during a war time and its schoolmaster purpose was to save energy and get people outside much, on that point is no need for it now with the more(prenominal) efficient light bulbs we now have and the heating and cooling machines that are saving more money than DST ever could.Daylight savings time affects the natural rhythm of sleep that humans have, not only causing them to be less productive on the job but also its a health problem. As OConnor said people tend to sleep on standard time, not DST. Now daylight savings time is affecting our sleep along with our health. The video which was viewed in class went into greater detail stating that the Monday after DST there is a higher percent of heart at tacks and suicides. From person-to-person account, Mondays are no fun but with more suicidesthats a little extreme. So, DST is a in truth serious issue if there are more heart attacks and suicides.And as stated above the luggage compartment sleeps on standard time, so DST causes sleep deprivation. This in turn causes there to be less productiveness on the job, the week after daylight savings time happens there is an estimated $480,000,000 lost businesses (Video). Daylight savings time just seems like one problem after another when carrying at the bulky picture and how everything affects the other. Not only are people more tired, there are serious health risks associated with it, and the lack of productivity might just be the wakeup call big businesses and the government are look for. Its essentially screaming that DST needs to be ended.Daylight savings time is something that is outdated, and was used for a war ear. As a country there is no need for it anymore. It is costing the country more than its saving it, along with causing more stress put on business leaders. Really, there is no use for it, and this shouldnt even be a debate. The answer is clear, DST is a thing of the preceding(a) and that is where it should stay.

Roots of Education

Have you ever thought of why such quotes becomes so special and democratic? If one tries to notice, it abide easily be seen that famous quotes are pithy that are capable of grabbing the interests of the readers. date writing a personal essay it is useful to link a thesis disceptation with a famous quote. Including one such quote that resembles your thesis sentence intrigues a writer to read the firm content.The other thing is, using quotes can make your thesis statement clear and adds value to it. A quote cannot be used as a thesis sentence instead an individual should experiment to write meaningful concise sentences that can work as quotes.An original thesis statement leads towards more ideas that encompasses to other distinctive, but creative ideas. For example, here we are including the famous quote of Winston Churchill, who have said that supremacy consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm Now, here we can see that it sets up an melodic phrase tha t is curt, but interesting, we can use following ideas that can work as a thesis statement and links with the quote too-A failure can be overcome -Learn from your failure -Why everybody fails in a life timeNow, these ideas can act as body paragraphs arguments, which can be followed up by thesis statement. It requires a brief sentence which can engage the sentences and can help making a quality thesis statement.One can easily find good quotes of the famous philosophers. It would help in developing a unique, interactive and informative thesis sentence writing to which a body can be easily constructed. A few are mentioned here that can be linked easily. hear the impossible in order to improve your work by Bette Davis If you can find humour in anything, even poverty, you can survive it by Bill Cosby

Ethics, Discretion, and Police Misconduct Essay

Ethical police conduct is non as complicated as everyone assumes just about defining the perimeters that moral philosophy cover. Ethics, for a lot of people, is a vague concept. thence again, being honourable as a servant is simply doing what one needs to do to deserve the term professional. In this case, ethical police is about ensuring that safety is present in a particular community. He or she must be able to successfully gain the approval of every citizen especially when it comes to ensuring safety. Along with gaining the approval of everyone is gaining the wonder of the people.One cay say that a police is being ethical once he or she gains the respect of people. Ordinary citizens have a good nose for well-behaved police officers. If a police officer gains public trust and the public depends on the police in confidence, then he or she is doing the job well . That said, police ethics covers professionalism, decency and morality He or she has to be honest and loyal. He or s he has to attend to the needs of the citizens, especially those who need information, volunteer to be witnesses to crimes or register complaints (DC Watch, 1997).A police practices ethics if he or she en vehemences laws without a tinge of prejudice and bias, regardless of the backgrounds of the people multiform in a specific case. He or she should always be fair when it comes to choosing who to arrest. Police ethics is about being fair in his or her practice or discretion. Police discretion bay window mean two things. First, it can mean having the police sentence a criminal and second, it can be an act of identifying whether a person is guilty or innocent.Technically, people who atomic tour 18 in the authority argon the ones reserveed to do this. In the criminal justice system, policemen are bring home the baconed to practice discretion, but only to a current degree. In policing, discretion is highly unavoidable. Arresting suspects or criminals will never be possible without discretion. appreciation is needed primarily beca wasting disease policemen need to decide who to arrest for a particular violation. Also, if a police calls the precaution of someone who violates traffic rules, discretion is needed in issuing a warning to the violator.Discretion in policing is very much normal, desirable and unavoidable simply because police departments explicitly authorize it. Meaning, police departments allow policemen to practice discretion. The issue, then, when it comes to police discretion, lies on how policemen use discretion. Discretion, indeed, has its limitations, too (Kelling, p. 37) . In this case, what a police officer is allowed to do when it comes to discretion is to get in the way of a particular panhandling incident.Then again, an intervention done on the use of race as a basis is already a form of police misconduct. other example would be practicing discretion over allowing youths to drink outside after curfew hours. Police officers may allow t hese people to stay in a park to drink, but they should not give their consent to those who are underage for alcohol consumption. Also, in controlling neighborhood groups, policemen can access a specific community. Then again, once they gain access to that neighborhood, it is police misconduct to discriminate against minority groups (Kelling, Ibid).Police offers are in any case allowed to use force. Then again, force must only be used within appropriate means. The use of force come in five different forms which include firearm, impact, electronic, chemical and physical force. Police officers are legally allowed to use these forces reasonable. This clearly goes to show that determining whether the use of force is excessive or not is then unclear. The use of force can not be measured by counting the number of times an electric shock was caused or the number of bullets shot.Because of this, excessive use of force is then cover by the circumstances and beliefs surrounding the incident. Force becomes excessive only when a police officer does not find it highly necessary to apply force to someone. The use of force must always be reasonable. Force becomes unnecessary and excessive once it is not justified. Also, when a police officer uses more force than what is required, it is already considered excessive (Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, 2007).

The Korean War Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Korean War - call Paper ExampleIn 1945, following the surrender of Japan, American administrators divided the peninsula along the thirty-eighth Parallel, with coupled States troops occupying the southern part and Soviet troops occupying the northern part. The failure to hold free elections end-to-end the Korean Peninsula in 1948 deepened the division amidst two sides, and the nitrogen established a Communist government. The 38th Parallel increasingly became a political border between the two Koreas. Although reunification negotiations continued in the months preceding the state of war, tensions intensified. Cross-border skirmishes and raids at the 38th Parallel persisted. The situation escalated into open warfare when North Korean forces invaded south Korea on 25 June 1950. It was the first significant armed conflict in the global struggle between democracy and communism, called the cold war. After the Japanese defeat in 1945 Korea had been divided into the pro-Soviet Nort h and the pro-American South. harmonize to a post-war agreement, the division of Korea into the Republic of Korea (South Korea) and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (North Korea) was overseen by the United States and the Soviet Union. These two military occupation zones were later to be united into an independent country, but, because of the Cold War, that objective proved unachievable for tensions between North and South Korea started to grow as the Cold War intensified. North Korean force crossed the border between the two rivals, and invaded South Korea. The United States immediately received compliment for a military intervention from the UN. Canada and most Western nations, led by the United States, thought that North Korea was acting under Communist Chinese or Soviet direction. To the Americans and their allies, the Korean War demonstrated the motivation for containment and because of this, along with the majority of other Western states Canada participated in the UN force in Korea. The Korean conflict didnt happen at the time which was favorable to Canada, for its army had been drastically reduced in size later on the World War II, and the steps to increase the strength of the three armed forces to meet the nations commitments to the newly formed North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The Canadian contingent was initially vatical to be an infantry brigade group made up of one battalion each from the Princess Patricias Canadian Light infantry, the Royal Canadian Regiment, and the Royal 22e Regiment and signals, tank, artillery and other conduct units were also included. However, each regiment had to raise new battalions because the country couldnt denude itself of its only standing army units. The country remained divided, with the American-supported Republic of Korea in control of the south by virtue of election sanctioned by the United Nations, while Soviet-supported Democratic Republic of Korea ruled the north, where elections were not held. The only unifier of the country was the civil war with each side threatening to invade the other claiming to be the legitimate government. But to do so, they needed support. The Americans denied this support to their Korean allies, mainly because the Truman administration had decided to liquidate all positions on the Asian mainland and take on the defense of island strong points like Japan, Okinawa, and the Philippines- but not Taiwan. The president of South Korea, Syngman Rhee, constantly asked for support to liberate the north from officials in Washington

Bilingual education benefits everyone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Bilingual information benefits everyone - Essay ExampleThe political shifts of the 20th century greatly curtailed bilingual efforts and recent political views against it take raised the issue once again. Advocates of an English only system have pointed to the need for national identity, merely this approach has led to the sink or swim attitude of educating our students and the effect on the student and order can be detrimental and the cost is certainly high.Students need to progress into our language as tumesce as our society. With a bilingual program, students are taught the desired English, yet have the chance to explore otherwise subjects in their native tongue. This keeps the student on pace and their humanitarianal knowledge aids in the nurture of English. If a student gets left behind in the sciences, math, or current events due to a overleap of English skills, that student will not develop the necessary skills and requirements at an important point in their education. Students who are not struggling with the language barrier are more interested and involved with the real and subsequently perform better.Bilingual education is not a replacement for English, it is a valuable addition to the curriculum. Bilingual education not only provides the only workable approach to teaching non-English speaking students, it too has advantages.

EU Integration and Citizenship Law Dissertation

EU Integration and Citizenship Law - Dissertation ExampleEU is, however, a work in progress and while it is done with such tasks as border control and scotch consolidation, the Union has to move on to the more difficult areas home affairs, immigration, defense, among others which have strong social dimensions. As more and more states aspire for EU processship to partake of this umbrella of protection, its further enlargement poses mod challenges to European integration. For one, the nature and histories of the possible candidates for brisk membership are unlike any of the existing member states. The problem becomes even more complicated after EU approved the Maastricht Treaty establishing the Citizenship-of-the-Union law, which many discriminate as an attempt to reconfigure and supersede the national citizenship and identities of member states. This EU-wide citizenship statute has stimulated an acrimonious debate about(predicate) the social, political and citizenship structu re of an enlarged Union. In essence, the debate centers on whether it is wise for EU to make in the lead steps to strengthen European citizenship or keep it as a largely theoretical proposition. Should wad under EU be called European citizens and in the process forget their original British, French, or Turkish citizenships, as the case may be? Or should they be allowed to assume a new EuroEuropean citizenship on top of their respective national identities? This paper examines the relationship between EU integration and the implementation of the new citizenship law for Europeans. Special attention will be given to the causes and effects, the pros and cons, and the conceptual basis of identity shaping on the community, national and regional levels. The objective of the treatise is three-fold 1) illumine the reasons for the enactment of the EU citizenship law and its relevance to the integration process 2) assess the validity of the objections to the idea of European citizenship and 3) determine what form and characteristics of European citizenship would find greater acceptance. 2. Enlargement and Integration Further enlargement is a necessity for EU because it would serve to strengthen the Unions potential to maintain the balance of peace in the continent1. As the Union counts more member states, it becomes stronger in the process. The earlier nucleus of EU was composed of Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Ireland, UK, Luxembourg and Netherlands. They were joined by Greece in 1981 and Portugal and Spain in 1986. Austria, Finland and Sweden followed in 1995. The course of study 2003 saw the accession of a group consisting of Cypress, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia, while

Has the American Dream changed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Has the American pipe dream changed - Essay Exampleunder the American Dream dogma is that the afore handstioned benefits of being an American are available to anyone, regardless of where they hail from, and are distributed correspond to a persons motivations and unique talents and abilities (Library of Congress 1). The conception of the American Dream has changed significantly from the mid-sixties to today, as what constitutes success and happiness, as well as freedom, is now underpinned by new social, professional and frugal ambitions which were not dominant needs or ambitions in 1960s clubhouse.In the 1960s, the American Dream, as iterated by the venerated Martin Luther King, Jr., were the achievement of social equality and freedom from various types of oppression that were guaranteed in the U.S. Constitution that all men are created equal (Armitage 16). During the 1960s, it was not just African-Americans being oppressed, but many diverse ethnic groups and creation subsets (fo r example homosexuals) that continued to be socially ostracized by other members of majority society. The American Dream, therefore, for those living in the 1960s, was ensuring achievement of true liberty and putting an end to social subjugation for failing to comply with the norms of society which asserted that being different from the majority was an opportunity to dominate and oppress.In todays America, my private American Dream is the achievement of wealth through self-governance of lifestyle and profession which underlines the ability to maintain a better quality of life. More wealth, from my perspective, brings opportunities for travelling, living in a top quality home, and procuring products and services that enhance ones image, both physically and socially. In the 1960s, King saw the American Dream as ending the plight of disinherited children of God who were rising up to bolster the American Dream as related to the most sacred values in our Judeo-Christian heritage (Klopp enberg 147).Further reasserting the 1960s

Investigation of Current Performance in Inverleith Hotel (B&B) Edinbur Assignment

Investigation of Current Performance in Inverleith Hotel (B&B) Edinburg - subsidization ExampleAdditionally, a swot analysis of the hotel has been conducted with the aim of understanding strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Inverleith Hotel (B&B) located in Edinburgh, which is a B&B hotel. A comparison is also made between the hotel with other similar size B&B hotels in the same geographical atomic number 18a. Alternatively, it also intends to explain the methods through which the current performance of the hotel stub be maintained properly and the possible solutions for the expansion of the business. In order to determine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of Inverleith Hotel (B&B), a SWOT analysis has been conducted. In this respect, the strengths, as well as weaknesses of the hotel, can be determined. The possible opportunities related to the mastery and development of the hotel can also be ascertained. After identifying the weaknesses and threats , the hotel can reduce the weakness by applying vernal strategies to improve the performance of the hotel (Practical Entrepreneurship, n.d.). The hotel is one of the leading fast food hotels in England. The hotel focuses on the preferences of the customers, which is one of the alpha strength of the hotel. This strength helps the hotel to attract the more customers to ontogeny the sale as well as increase the profit of the hotel. It also helps to improve the performance of the employees so that the objectives of the hotel can be accomplished. It has multiple numbers of customers in the market. The financial growth of the hotel has increased to a substantial extent. The geographical area of the hotel is good for marketing or doing business. The facilities provided by the hotel are based on quality standards and in accordance with the needs of the customers. The rooms of the hotel are equipped with modern equipment like telephone and broadband access and with self-catering accommoda tion (Practical Entrepreneurship, n.d.).

Retail Branding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Retail mark - Essay ExampleThe current interest in retail fall guying is scarcely to be wondered at, given(p) that, as Ailawadi and Keller acknowledged, With the growing realization that brands ar wizard of a firms most intangible assets, branding has emerged as a top management priority in the last decade (p.1). If one looks at a breakd possess of the revenue of a major retailer, one will usually watch that a large proportion of that revenue comes from the sale of manufacturers goods. However, this poses problems for retailers given the incredibly rivalrous nature of the marketplace many stores might stock exactly the same goods, and quite probably at similar prices. They thus have to focus on developing marketing strategies which will encourage consumers, when face up with a choice of stores, all of which sell what they want, to choose one over another. As Ailawadi and Keller note, building their retailers own beauteousness is a particularly challenging problem, but one with big potential rewards. Such equity insulates them from competing retailers (p.1). The definition of retail branding offered by the Canadian Marketing Blog supports this, stating that it is about differentiating, a alone(p) personality, a true point of difference. ... n incredibly wide range of factor ins, from the assortment of goods on offer in the store, to the level of customer service and comfort they experienced while obtain there, to their price and credit policies, and of course the quality of the goods sold. This stands in contrast to a consumers opinion of a merchandise brand, which is to a greater extent likely to have been constructed mostly from their opinions on that products marketing campaigns, and any experiences theyve had of that brands goods. Identifying the manifold elements that strongly influence the construction and perception of a retailers brand image, we might close that the general atmosphere in the store, the prices and presence or absence of at tractive promotions or reductions, and the range of products are perhaps the most important. One might think that price is always the most important factor in decisions made by consumers, but Brown highlighted long ago that price perception is more important that actual prices. In short, if a retailer intends to market its brand based principally on its price, Brown found that for consumers, what was important was that they believed a stores prices to be low, rather than whether they actually were. Therefore, a retailer has to work on getting all of these elements right in order to create the shell possible experience for consumers frequenting their stores, in order to build up networks of loyalty and patronage among consumers. The key is loving over large numbers of consumers who believe that a particular retailer offers a superior shopping experience, and will recommend that retailer to their friend and family networks, as well a visiting it again themselves. Of course, manufact urer brands, as Ailawadi and Keller acknowledge, can be useful in creating a